{"id":4098,"date":"2018-01-29T22:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-01-29T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.srovnator.cz\/clanky\/ostatni\/usporne-zarovky-jake-jsou-druhy-a-vyplati-se\/"},"modified":"2024-06-24T07:51:34","modified_gmt":"2024-06-24T05:51:34","slug":"usporne-zarovky-jake-jsou-druhy-a-vyplati-se","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.srovnator.cz\/clanky\/usporne-zarovky-jake-jsou-druhy-a-vyplati-se\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dasporn\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1rovky – jak\u00e9 jsou druhy a vyplat\u00ed se?"},"content":{"rendered":"

O \u00fasporn\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1rovk\u00e1ch se \u010dasto mluv\u00ed. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed si pamatuj\u00ed, kdy\u017e v roce 2012 skon\u010dila distribuce klasick\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1rovek. N\u011bkdo to oplakal, n\u011bkdo se radoval. A spousta lid\u00ed si prost\u011b musela zvyknout. Hlavn\u00edm po\u017eadavkem mnoh\u00fdch neznal\u00fdch bylo, aby \u0161la \u017e\u00e1rovka za\u0161roubovat do st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho osv\u011btlen\u00ed. Krom\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f na po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, \u00fasporn\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1rovky p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhody. Poj\u010fme se na n\u011bkter\u00e9 pod\u00edvat trochu bl\u00ed\u017e. A up\u0159esn\u011bme si jak\u00e9 druhy \u00fasporn\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1rovek, se na trhu vyskytuj\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n\"\u00dasporn\u00e9\n

Tradi\u010dn\u00ed wolframov\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1rovka<\/h2>\n

To je p\u0159esn\u011b ta \u017e\u00e1rovka, kterou u\u017e dnes nekoup\u00edme. Ve sklen\u011bn\u00e9 ba\u0148ce se nach\u00e1z\u00ed vl\u00e1kno, kter\u00e9 je z wolframu. Pomoc\u00ed elekt\u0159iny se vl\u00e1kno roz\u017ehavilo a vyd\u00e1valo sv\u011btlo. Spole\u010dn\u011b s vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm sv\u011btla, se \u017e\u00e1rovka zah\u0159\u00edvala. A pr\u00e1v\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed tepla, kter\u00e9 vy\u0161lo draho a bylo zbyte\u010dn\u00e9, do\u0161lo k p\u0159echodu k \u201c\u00faspork\u00e1m\u201d.<\/p>\n

LED z\u00e1\u0159ivky<\/h2>\n

Dnes asi nejv\u00edce prod\u00e1van\u00e9. K vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed sv\u011btla je vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed jev, kdy elektrony putuj\u00ed mezi anodou a katodou a v m\u00edst\u011b P-N p\u0159echodu m\u011bn\u00ed svou energii na sv\u011btlo.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u017d\u00e1rovka<\/th>\nPo\u0159izovac\u00ed cena<\/th>\n\u017divotnost<\/th>\nSpot\u0159eba W za hod.<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Tradi\u010dn\u00ed<\/td>\n15 K\u010d<\/td>\n1 000 hod.<\/td>\n60 W<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
LED z\u00e1\u0159ivky<\/td>\n250 K\u010d<\/td>\n15 000 hod.<\/td>\n9 W<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

Z v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 tabulky je patrn\u00e9, \u017ee LED z\u00e1\u0159ivky maj\u00ed opravdu vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u0159izovac\u00ed cenu. A vydr\u017e\u00ed 15 kr\u00e1t d\u00e9le ne\u017e tradi\u010dn\u00ed \u017e\u00e1rovka. Je pravdou, \u017ee i za 15 wolframov\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1rovek nezaplat\u00edme tolik jako za po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jedn\u00e9 LED. Ale posledn\u00ed sloupec tabulky jasn\u011b ukazuje, v \u010dem je hlavn\u011b \u00faspora \u00fasporn\u00fdch z\u00e1\u0159ivek a to ve spot\u0159eb\u011b elekt\u0159iny.<\/p>\n

LED z\u00e1\u0159ivkami, ale nab\u00eddka nekon\u010d\u00ed. Zde jsou dal\u0161\u00ed typy \u00fasporn\u00fdch z\u00e1\u0159ivek:<\/p>\n

Kompaktn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159ivky<\/h3>\n

Jsou asi nejv\u00edce podobn\u00e9 klasick\u00fdm \u017e\u00e1rovk\u00e1m. Vypadaj\u00ed skoro stejn\u011b. Maj\u00ed zavity jako ty tradi\u010dn\u00ed, tak\u017ee lehce funguj\u00ed ve star\u00fdch sv\u00edtidlech. Z\u00e1\u0159ivka v sob\u011b obsahuje rtu\u0165ovou v\u00fdbojku, kter\u00e1 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed sv\u011btlo. \u017divotnost kompaktn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159ivek se ud\u00e1v\u00e1 od 6 000 a\u017e do 15 000 hodin. Jsou a\u017e o 80% \u00fasporn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Daj\u00ed se koupit v r\u016fzn\u00fdch tvarech.<\/p>\n

Nev\u00fdhodou je n\u00e1kladn\u00e1 recyklace hlavn\u011b rtu\u0165ov\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. Pomal\u00fd start z\u00e1\u0159ivky a p\u0159i jej\u00edm \u010dast\u00e9m vyp\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed a zap\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed sami v\u00fdrazn\u011b zkr\u00e1t\u00edme jej\u00ed \u017eivotnost.<\/p>\n

Halogenov\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1rovky<\/h3>\n

Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed sv\u011btlo na velmi podobn\u00e9m principu jako ty tradi\u010dn\u00ed. Na druhou stranu netvo\u0159\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. D\u00e1 se po\u0159\u00eddit v \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le teplotn\u00edch barev (od b\u00edl\u00e9 po \u017elutou). Daj\u00ed se stm\u00edvat. \u00daspora energie je tu jen okolo 20 %. Za jejich po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zaplat\u00edme v\u00edce a krom\u011b toho je vyrobena z k\u0159emenn\u00e9ho skla, kter\u00e9 se m\u016f\u017ee rozb\u00edt.<\/p>\n

Trubicov\u00e9 a kruhov\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159ivky<\/h3>\n

Jsou sice rozm\u011brn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, zato ide\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm v prostorech kde chceme m\u00edt rovnom\u011brn\u011b osv\u011btlen interi\u00e9r. Nav\u00edc maj\u00ed dlouho \u017eivotnost a\u017e 10 000 hodin. S nimi uspo\u0159\u00edme na energii a\u017e o 85 %. Op\u011bt funguje na principu n\u00edzkotlak\u00e9 rtu\u0165ov\u00e9 v\u00fdbojky. M\u00ednusem je pom\u011brn\u011b dlouh\u00e9 \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed na \u00faplnou sv\u00edtivost.<\/p>\n

LED zdroje<\/h3>\n

O LED z\u00e1\u0159ivk\u00e1ch jsme si n\u011bco m\u00e1lo \u0159ekli na za\u010d\u00e1tku. Nyn\u00ed se koukneme trochu hloub\u011bji na to co n\u00e1s jako z\u00e1kazn\u00edky zaj\u00edm\u00e1 p\u0159i jejich koupi.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Sv\u00edtivost<\/strong> – jak moc bude z\u00e1\u0159ivka sv\u00edtit? Do tmav\u0161\u00edch m\u00edst jako jsou chodby, posta\u010d\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159ivky m\u00e9n\u011b sv\u00edtiv\u00e9. Do hlavn\u00edch obytn\u00fdch prostor vy\u017eadujeme sv\u00edtivost vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed a to hlavn\u011b te\u010f v zimn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch. Zat\u00edmco u klasick\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1rovek jsme sledovali mno\u017estv\u00ed Watt\u016f, u LED z\u00e1\u0159ivek nen\u00ed pom\u011br \u010d\u00edm v\u00edc Watt\u016f t\u00edm v\u00edc sv\u011btla, tak \u00fapln\u011b pravdiv\u00fd. Te\u010f mus\u00edme sledovat p\u0159\u00edmo parametr sv\u011bteln\u00e9ho toku, kter\u00fd se ud\u00e1v\u00e1 v Lumenech.<\/li>\n
  2. Barva sv\u011btla<\/strong> – nebo tak\u00e9 jeho teplota. Nejz\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odst\u00edny, ze kter\u00fdch vyb\u00edr\u00e1me je studen\u00e1 b\u00edl\u00e1, tepl\u00e1 b\u00edl\u00e1 a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e1. Ud\u00e1v\u00e1 se v Kelvinech. Pro p\u0159edstavu tepl\u00e1 b\u00edl\u00e1 barva je nejbl\u00ed\u017ee t\u00e9, na kterou jsme byli zvykl\u00ed u klasick\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1rovek a m\u00e1 zhruba 2700 Kelvin\u016f.<\/li>\n
  3. Rozm\u011br a druh<\/strong> – LED z\u00e1\u0159ivky se prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed hned v n\u011bkolika proveden\u00edch a tvarech. P\u0159i jejich n\u00e1kupu je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 myslet na tvar a velikost va\u0161ich sv\u00edtidel, aby se tam z\u00e1\u0159ivka ve\u0161la. Existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159ivky sv\u00edt\u00edc\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00fahlech. 360 stup\u0148ov\u00fd \u00fahel nab\u00edz\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159ivka typu \u201ckuku\u0159ice\u201d, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed tvar, ale d\u00e1 se schovat do sv\u00edtidla. D\u00e1le m\u00e1me bodov\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159ivky, ty jsou vhodn\u00e9 na osv\u011btlen\u00ed pracovn\u00edch ploch. Ty maj\u00ed \u00fahel osvitu od 120 do 15 stup\u0148\u016f. A pak jsou z\u00e1\u0159ivky podobn\u00e9 t\u011bm klasick\u00fdm.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Jedin\u00fdm m\u00ednusem LED z\u00e1\u0159ivek je jejich vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u0159izovac\u00ed cena.<\/p>\n

    N\u00e1klady na bydlen\u00ed v na\u0161\u00ed zemi nejsou a\u017e tak z\u00e1vratn\u00e9. Pro v\u011bt\u0161inu dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed nemal\u00fd m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1klad. A ten se pochopiteln\u011b sna\u017e\u00edme sni\u017eovat, a\u0165 u\u017e v\u00fdb\u011brem nejlep\u0161\u00edho dodavatele plynu, elekt\u0159iny, topen\u00edm pevn\u00fdmi palivy a nejv\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm dom\u00e1cnosti<\/a>. No a nemal\u00fd pod\u00edl na \u00faspo\u0159e maj\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b \u00fasporn\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1rovky, kter\u00e9 \u0161et\u0159\u00ed energii a dlouho vydr\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    O \u00fasporn\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1rovk\u00e1ch se \u010dasto mluv\u00ed. Klasick\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1rovky u\u017e od roku 2012 nekoup\u00edme. Jak\u00e9 jsou v\u00fdhody \u00fasporn\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1rovek? A jak\u00e9 druhy se daj\u00ed koupit?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":4099,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[398,845,436,846,847,848],"class_list":["post-4098","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pojisteni-majetku","tag-cena","tag-led","tag-spotreba-paliva","tag-usporne-zarovky","tag-zarivky","tag-zivotnost"],"acf":{"znacka":"","model":"","objem":"","vyrobeno":"","vykon":"","velikost_1":"","velikost_2":"","velikost_3":"","velikost_4":"","roky":"","roky_velikost_1":"","roky_velikost_2":"","roky_velikost_3":"","roky_velikost_4":"","pocet_kalkulaci":0,"page_post_meta_bread":"\u00dasporn\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1rovky - jak\u00e9 jsou druhy a vyplat\u00ed se?","page_post_meta_bread_child":"","page_post_meta_script_head":"","page_post_meta_leaving_screen":"cat"},"yoast_head":"\nDruhy \u00fasporn\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1rovek - Srovn\u00e1tor.cz<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"O \u00fasporn\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1rovk\u00e1ch se \u010dasto mluv\u00ed. 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